Outdoor toilets between country bullying and the perspective of a possible blackout

Authors

  • Diana Scarlat University of Craiova

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26660/rrbsi.2021.17.3.18

Keywords:

autonomy, toilet, public shaming, bullyng, blackout

Abstract

The existence of bullying is certain at the level of country or popolations who have old traditions and a large percentage of the communities who chooses living in rural areas, on principles related to the traditional way of life. This traditional style also involves autonomy in terms of infrastructure: the toilet outside the house, in the yard, the households having their own source of water, septic tanks instead of sewerage and even transport with animals and traditional wooden vehicles. The purpose of our study is to measure the perception of those people regarding the reflection of their image in mass-media and social media. The toilet in the yard (outdoor) had become subject for bullying and public shaming, not only as an indicator for economy. The research uses both empirical and theoretical methods, qualitative and quantitative: Analysis of statistical data and case studies, as well as the Sociological Survey. The main hypothesis from which the research have started in this research is that people who still have a toilet outdoor perceive this as a necesity for autonomy and they also perceive the news about this subject in mass-media and social media as bullyng and public shaming.

References

Andrews, F. M.,J. P. Robinson, 1991, Measures of Subjective Well-Being, în Robinson, J. P., Shaver, P. R., Wrightsman, L. S. (ed.), Measure of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes, Vol. 1: Measure of Social Psychological Attitudes, Academic Press, San Diego.

Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55(1), 34–43.

Veenhoven, R., THE FOUR QUALITIES OF LIFE, Ordering concepts and measures of the good life Ruut Veenhoven Journal Of Happiness Studies, 2000, vol 1, pp 1-39 Shortened version reprinted in: McGillivray, M. & Clarke, M. (eds) 'Understanding Human Well-being' , chapter 4, pp 74-100, United Nations University Press, New York, 2006, ISBN 92-808-1130-4 (file:///C:/Users/T100A/Downloads/2000c-full.pdf)

Eurostat 2021 - „Total population not having indoor flushing toilet for the sole use of their household - EU-SILC survey” https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_mdho03/default/table?lang=en

Media:

Romania ranks last in the EU in indoor toilets. A quarter of Romanians have a toilet in the yard - https://stirileprotv.ro/stiri/social/romania-pe-ultimul-loc-in-ue-la-locuintele-cu-toaleta-in-interior-un-sfert-dintre-romani-au-wc-ul-in-curte.html

Romania leads the Eurostat top of the countries with the most toilets in the backyard - https://adevarul.ro/news/eveniment/romania-conduce-detasat-topul-eurostat-tarilor-cele-mai-multe-wc-uri-fundul-curtii-1_5bf2e7c3df52022f759ccfbd/index.html

Goldman Warns of Blackout Risk for European Industry This Winter - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-15/goldman-warns-of-blackout-risk-for-european-industry-this-winter

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Published

2021-12-17

How to Cite

Scarlat, D. (2021). Outdoor toilets between country bullying and the perspective of a possible blackout. Revista Română De Biblioteconomie și Știința Informării = Romanian Journal of Library and Information Science. https://doi.org/10.26660/rrbsi.2021.17.3.18

Issue

Section

Research articles